Carolina Environmental Diversity Explorations

Roan Mountain Highlands · By Dirk Frankenberg and Jennifer Godwin-Wyer

High Elevation in Small Headwater Drainage Creek

Figure 15. At high elevations, small creeks leave rocks untouched. (Photograph by Dirk Frankenberg. More about the photograph)

Figure 15 shows another view of the high-elevation northern hardwoods community with the headwaters of a typical mountain drainage creek. Note the relatively large size and square shape of the stones in the creek. This is what we would expect in small headwater drainage that has neither the force to move large boulders downstream nor the water volume necessary to reduce their size and round their sharp edges by erosion. We will follow this creek down slope for over 2000 feet and see these characteristics of its boulders change as the creek becomes larger.

Definitions

elevation n.
Height on the earth's surface above sea level.
headwaters n.
The source and upper part of a stream; where a river begins.
drainage n.
The removal of excess water from land; emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it.
erosion n.
Natural processes, including weathering, dissolution, abrasion, corrosion, and transportation, by which material is worn away from the earth's surface.
slope n.
An elevated geological formation; something that is at an angle; the measure of the tilt of a line; a gradient.