Teaching audience through interactive writing

North Carolina Curriculum Alignment

English Language Arts (2004)

Grade 1

• Goal 1: The learner will develop and apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write.
  • Objective 1.01: Develop phonemic awareness and demonstrate knowledge of alphabetic principle:
    • count syllables in a word.
    • blend the phonemes of one-syllable words.
    • segment the phonemes of one-syllable words.
    • change the beginning, middle, and ending sounds to produce new words.
    • create and state a series of rhyming words that may include consonant blends (e.g., flag, brag).
  • Objective 1.02: Demonstrate decoding and word recognition strategies and skills:
    • generate the sounds from all the letters and appropriate letter patterns which should include consonant blends and long and short vowel patterns.
    • use phonics knowledge of sound-letter relationships to decode regular one-syllable words when reading words and text.
    • recognize many high frequency and/or common irregularly spelled words in text (e.g., have said, where, two).
    • read compound words and contractions.
    • read inflectional forms (e.g., -s, -ed, -ing) and root words (e.g., looks, looked, looking).
    • read appropriate word families.
  • Objective 1.03: Use pronunciation, sentence meaning, story meaning, and syntax to confirm accurate decoding or to self-correct errors.
  • Objective 1.04: Self-monitor decoding by using one or two decoding strategies (e.g., beginning letters, rimes, length of word, ending letters).
• Goal 3: The learner will make connections through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology.
  • Objective 3.01: Elaborate on how information and events connect to life experiences.
  • Objective 3.02: Recognize and relate similar vocabulary use and concepts across experiences with texts.
  • Objective 3.03: Discuss unfamiliar oral and/or written vocabulary after listening to or reading texts.
  • Objective 3.04: Share personal experiences and responses to experiences with text:
    • publishing non-print texts.
    • discussing interpretations.
    • recording personal responses.
  • Objective 3.05: Recognize how particular authors use vocabulary and language to develop an individual, recognizable voice.
  • Objective 3.06: Discuss authors'/speakers' use of different kinds of sentences to interest a reader/listener and communicate a message.
  • Objective 3.07: Compare authors' uses of conventions of language that aid readers including:
    • kinds of sentences.
    • capitalization of first word in a sentence and proper names.
    • punctuation to end a declarative and interrogative sentence.
• Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, written, and visual texts.
  • Objective 4.01: Select and use new vocabulary and language structures in both speech and writing contexts (e.g., oral retelling using exclamatory phrases to accent an idea or event).
  • Objective 4.02: Use words that name characters and settings (who, where) and words that tell action and events (what happened, what did ___ do) in simple texts.
  • Objective 4.03: Use specific words to name and tell action in oral and written language (e.g., using words such as frog and toad when discussing an expository text).
  • Objective 4.04: Extend skills in using oral and written language:
    • clarifying purposes for engaging in communication.
    • using clear and precise language to paraphrase messages.
    • engaging in more extended oral discussions.
    • producing written products.
    • completing graphic organizers.
  • Objective 4.05: Write and/or participate in writing by using an author's model of language and extending the model (e.g., writing different ending for a story, composing an innovation of a poem).

Grade 2

• Goal 1: The learner will develop and apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write.
  • Objective 1.01: Use phonics knowledge and structural analysis (e.g., knowledge of syllables, suffixes, prefixes, root words) to decode regular multi-syllable words when reading text.
  • Objective 1.02: Read most high frequency and many irregularly spelled words accurately in text.
  • Objective 1.03: Self-monitor decoding by using letter-sound knowledge of all consonants and vowels.
  • Objective 1.04: Apply knowledge of all sources of information (meaning, language, graphophonics) to read a new text silently and independently.
• Goal 3: The learner will make connections through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology.
  • Objective 3.01: Use personal experiences and knowledge to interpret written and oral messages.
  • Objective 3.02: Connect and compare information within and across selections (fiction, nonfiction, poetry and drama) to experience and knowledge.
  • Objective 3.03: Explain and describe new concepts and information in own words (e.g., plot, setting, major events, characters, author's message, connections, topic, key vocabulary, key concepts, text features).
  • Objective 3.04: Increase oral and written vocabulary by listening, discussing, and composing texts when responding to literature that is read and heard. (e.g., read aloud by teacher, literature circles, interest groups, book clubs).
  • Objective 3.05: Locate and discuss examples of an author's use of:
    • kinds of sentences (declarative, interrogative, exclamatory).
    • capitalization (titles, dates and days, names of countries).
    • punctuation (exclamation marks, commas in dates, and to introduce dialogue and quotations).
    • use of paragraphs in texts and their effects on the reader.
    • genre(s) and specific word choice(s).
  • Objective 3.06: Discuss the effect of an author's choices for nouns, verbs, and modifiers which help the reader comprehend a narrative or expository text.
• Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, written, and visual texts.
  • Objective 4.01: Begin to use formal language and/or literary language in place of oral language patterns, as appropriate.
  • Objective 4.02: Use expanded vocabulary to generate synonyms for commonly overused words to increase clarity of written and oral communication.
  • Objective 4.04: Use oral communication to identify, organize, and analyze information.
  • Objective 4.05: Respond appropriately when participating in group discourse by adapting language and communication behaviors to the situation to accomplish a specific purpose.
  • Objective 4.06: Plan and make judgments about what to include in written products (e.g., narratives of personal experiences, creative stories, skits based on familiar stories and/or experiences).
  • Objective 4.07: Compose first drafts using an appropriate writing process:
    • planning and drafting.
    • rereading for meaning.
    • revising to clarify and refine writing with guided discussion.
  • Objective 4.08: Write structured, informative presentations and narratives when given help with organization.
• Goal 5: The learner will apply grammar and language conventions to communicate effectively.
  • Objective 5.01: Spell correctly using:
    • previously studied words.
    • spelling patterns.
    • analysis of sounds to represent all the sounds in a word in one's own writing.
  • Objective 5.02: Attend to spelling, mechanics, and format for final products in one's own writing.
  • Objective 5.03: Use capitalization, punctuation, and paragraphs in own writing.
  • Objective 5.04: Use the following parts of the sentence
    • subject.
    • predicate.
    • modifier.
  • Objective 5.05: Use editing to check and confirm correct use of conventions
    • complete sentences.
    • correct word order in sentences.
  • Objective 5.06: Use correctly in written products:
    • letter formation, lines, and spaces to create readable documents
    • plural forms of commonly used nouns
    • common, age - appropriate contractions.

Kindergarten

• Goal 1: The learner will develop and apply enabling strategies to read and write.
  • Objective 1.01: Develop book and print awareness:
    • identify the parts of books and function of each part.
    • demonstrate an understanding of directionality and voice-print match by following print word for word when listening to familiar text read aloud.
    • demonstrate an understanding of letters, words, and story.
    • identify the title, name of the author and the name of the illustrator.
  • Objective 1.02: Develop phonemic awareness and knowledge of alphabetic principle:
    • demonstrate understanding that spoken language is a sequence of identifiable speech sounds.
    • demonstrate understanding that the sequence of letters in the written word represents the sequence of sounds in the spoken word.
    • demonstrate understanding of the sounds of letters and understanding that words begin and end alike (onsets and rimes).
  • Objective 1.03: Demonstrate decoding and word recognition strategies and skills:
    • recognize and name upper and lower case letters of the alphabet.
    • recognize some words by sight including a few common words, own name, and environmental print such as signs, labels, and trademarks.
    • recognize most beginning consonant letter-sound associations in one-syllable words.
  • Objective 1.04: Read or begin to read.
    • Read or attempt to read own dictated story.
    • Attempt to read/reads simple patterned text, decodable text, and/or predictable texts using letter-sound knowledge and pictures to construct meaning.
• Goal 3: The learner will make connections through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology.
  • Objective 3.01: Connect information and events in text to experience.
  • Objective 3.02: Discuss concepts and information in a text to clarify and extend knowledge.
  • Objective 3.03: Associate target words with prior knowledge and explore an author's choice of words.
  • Objective 3.04: Use speaking and listening skills and media to connect experiences and text
    • listening to and re-visiting stories
    • discussing, illustrating, and dramatizing stories
    • discovering relationships.
• Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, written, and visual texts.
  • Objective 4.01: Use new vocabulary in own speech and writing.
  • Objective 4.02: Use words that name and words that tell action in a variety of simple texts (e.g., oral retelling, written stories, lists, journal entries of personal experiences).
  • Objective 4.03: Use words that describe color, size, and location in a variety of texts: e.g., oral retelling, written stories, lists, journal entries of personal experiences.
  • Objective 4.04: Maintain conversation and discussions:
    • attending to oral presentations
    • taking turns expressing ideas and asking questions.
  • Objective 4.05: Use a variety of sentence patterns such as interrogative requests (Can you go with me?) and sentence fragments that convey emotion (Me, too!).
    • write from left to right and from top to bottom.
    • write most letters and some words when dictated.
  • Objective 4.06: Write and/or participate in writing behaviors by using authors' models of language.
• Goal 5: The learner will apply grammar and language conventions to communicate effectively.
  • Objective 5.01: Develop spelling strategies and skills by:
    • representing spoken language with temporary and/or conventional spelling.
    • writing most letters of the alphabet.
    • analyzing sounds in a word and writing dominant consonant letters.
  • Objective 5.02: Use capital letters to write the word I and the first letter in own name.