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Irrigating the fields
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 4
Wet-rice farming requires that plants stand in water during early stages of their growth. The water then must be drained away before the rice fully ripens for harvesting. Bamboo wheels such as the one shown here aid this process of water management in places...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Working in the fields
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 5
Both men and women work in the wet-rice fields. Rural women living in highland Southeast Asia typically scale high mountains and do hard outdoor physical labor, which keeps them physically fit and strong. With one basket strapped at the waist and another larger...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Wet rice in the highlands
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 3
This photograph, and most of the photos that follow, was taken in Mai Chau, in the highlands of northwestern Vietnam. In most of Southeast Asia, the highlands are too dry or steep to construct the standing water pools required to nourish wet rice. Therefore,...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Winnowing by hand
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 12
Winnowing trays are round and generally plaited from bamboo strands woven tightly onto a rattan frame. In rural villages, they are made at home by members of every household along with most of their other farming and household tools. Rice grains that have...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Ducks and rice
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 10
In many parts of Southeast Asia, farmers raise ducks and farm wet-rice fields in a mutually beneficial, or symbiotic, relationship. Duck droppings fertilize the water in which the rice grows. Ducks also eat the algae and other weeds that grow near the young...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Working with animals
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 7
In addition to providing labor, water buffalo also sometimes are eaten at major community feasts. Traditionally, buffalo were a major source of wealth for Southeast Asian families. They still are favored in highland wet-rice areas where neither humans not...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Montagnards
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 13
The region around Mai Chau is home to ethnic minorities sometimes known in Vietnam as “hill tribes” or Montagnards (“mountain people”). In this part of northern Vietnam, the highland minority groups are mostly speakers of Tai languages,...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Caring for children
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 20
Throughout Southeast Asia, but especially in highland farming areas, children of both sexes are considered precious and vulnerable. Adults and teens of both sexes and all ages generally enjoy caring for young children. They find it an amusing and relaxing...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Elevated houses
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 15
Two thatch-roofed houses elevated on wood columns at Mai Chau provide excellent examples of highland village house construction. In the rear of the photograph, a person works in the shade under the house. Hand-hewn wooden walls, columns, shutter doors, and...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Living in the field
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 17
Highland families may use these small houses on a permanent basis, especially if they are near permanent wet-rice fields. Yet the houses sometimes are moved or abandoned when families cultivate other fields during different years or seasons. The canal running...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Water for drinking
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 16
This well, rimmed with a cement wall, is a community water source at Mai Chau. A red plastic pail suspended from a pole and washing basin are visible on the right. In the background, laundry is drying. Traditionally, Southeast Asian highlanders drew water...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Carpentry skills
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 18
Carpenters in highland villages generally work with hand tools, using no electricity. Metal parts, generally now imported from the cities, are either forged in the village or bought pre-made from blacksmiths in larger towns. The man shown here is using a large...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Women working
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 21
The bright green rice plants in the field are still young and unripe. Note, again, the power lines running in the background.
By Lorraine Aragon.
Protection from the sun
In Rice farming and rural life in Vietnam, page 6
Rural women, men, and children throughout Southeast Asia commonly weave their own hats, sleeping mats, and baskets from a variety of palm leaf, bamboo, and rattan fibers. Mountain groups or highlanders are less involved in the national cash economy (often...
By Lorraine Aragon.
A farmer is bent at the waist working in a wet-rice field at Mai Chau
A farmer is bent at the waist working in a wet-rice field at Mai Chau
A farmer wearing a conical sunhat is bent at the waist working in a ripening wet-rice field at Mai Chau. With one basket strapped at the waist and another larger one nearby, the farmer may be weeding the rice field, or else foraging for edible plants or fish.
Format: image/photograph
A person in a sunhat walks a water buffalo by wet-rice fields in Mai Chau
A person in a sunhat walks a water buffalo by wet-rice fields in Mai Chau
A person in a sunhat walks a water buffalo by wet-rice fields in Mai Chau. The farmer and young buffalo are walking on earthen dykes constructed both as dry paths and as walls to contain standing water needed by the rice plants during certain stages of their...
Format: image/photograph
A thatched-roof house in the rural highlands between Hoa Binh and Mai Chau
A thatched-roof house in the rural highlands between Hoa Binh and Mai Chau
This thatched-roof house in the rural highlands between Hoa Binh and Mai Chau shows a traditional style of farmhouse built of local plant materials. Young corn plants are growing in the foreground. Such small farmhouses can be built quickly from local palms,...
Format: image/photograph
Man stands in stream at Mai Chau fishing with net on pole near taro plants
Man stands in stream at Mai Chau fishing with net on pole near taro plants
A highland man wearing a conical sunhat stands in a stream at Mai Chau fishing with a net on a pole. Visible in the foreground is a stand of large taro plants. For highland peoples of Southeast Asia, riverine fishing is a main source of protein in their diet....
Format: image/photograph
Highland girl holds younger child in rural area between Mai Chau and Ninh Binh
Highland girl holds younger child in rural area between Mai Chau and Ninh Binh
A highland girl holds a younger child in the rural area between Mai Chau and Ninh Binh. The older girl, who is probably in her early teens, wears a loose black blouse, and she is squinting in the sunlight. The front of her black hair is cut in bangs, and the...
Format: image/photograph
Two thatch-roofed houses elevated on wood columns at Mai Chau
Two thatch-roofed houses elevated on wood columns at Mai Chau
Two thatch-roofed houses elevated on wood columns at Mai Chau provide excellent examples of highland village house construction. A person works in the shade under the house in the rear. Hand-hewn wooden walls, columns, shutter doors, and entrance ladders indicate...
Format: image/photograph