LEARN NC

K–12 teaching and learning · from the UNC School of Education

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Bald Head Island
We have arrived at last to the Atlantic Ocean. On the left side of the inlet is Bald Head Island and on the right is Fort Caswell on the eastern tip of Oak Island. In the foreground is Soutport. The inlet is about one mile across. Notice that the boat traffic...
By Steve Keith.
How do hurricanes cause damage to coastal infrastructure?
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 2.1
A fully formed hurricane carries three major threats to coastal development: low atmospheric pressure, high surface winds, and heavy rainfall. These threats are realized in different ways. Low central pressure becomes a threat when...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Hurricane storm surges in North Carolina
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 6
Figure 3 shows the bottom of the exhibit shown in Figure 2 and provides data on recent hurricanes in North Carolina. Those shown are four of the storms of the 1990s but do not include Dennis and Floyd in 1999, both of which occurred just weeks before the...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Dune erosion on Oak Island (2)
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 12
Figure 9 shows another set of oceanfront houses after Hurricane Floyd's landfall. This dune, too, has been flattened, leaving some houses standing on the beach and some not standing at all. Note, however, that the beach under the house in the foreground is...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Dune erosion on Oak Island (1)
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 11
Shoreface construction on southeastern barrier islands rarely fares well when hurricanes make landfall over them. Figure 8 shows how this generalization played out on Oak Island during Hurricane Floyd. The houses were behind a small primary dune before the...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Houses set back from the shoreline
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 13
Figure 10 shows another view of the Oak Island beach after Floyd. The beach here looks much like it did before the hurricane. The only real evidence of damage is the modest cliff formed at the front of the dunefield. There is no evidence of damage to shorefront...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Houses built too close to shore
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 14
Figure 11 shows a row of houses near those in Figure 10. These were not set back far from the average high tide line. All of these houses are now on the upper edge of the beach, and sea water washes around their foundations at high tide. There is a real question...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Hurricane overwash fan and houses
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 15
Figure 12 shows some of the sand that was washed off the beach on Oak Island by Floyd. As we saw in the photos of Masonboro and Topsail Islands shown in Figures 6 and 7, some of Oak Island's beach sand ended up in an overwash fan landward of the original dune...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Beach accretion
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 16
Figure 13 shows some more of the sand that was eroded off the Oak Island beach by Hurricane Floyd. It is a little hard to see, but if you look at the base of the stairs leading down from the deck of this house, you will see that sand covers at least the two...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Figure Eight Island
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 17
We now turn our attention to Figure Eight Island, a privately owned island about 25 miles north of Oak Island and Hurricane Floyd's landfall. Although Figure Eight Island was not the site of hurricane landfall in 1999, it was in the sector of Hurricane Floyd...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Living near the beachfront
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 22
Figure 19 shows a well-constructed house sited on a low beachfront lot. As on Oak Island, this lot was overwashed by Hurricane Floyd's storm surge and surface waves. This house withstood this onslaught as well as any beachfront property could be expected to,...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
The village farmers
In Intrigue of the Past, page 3.5
North Carolina sat on a crossroads by AD 1000. Cultural ideas from other places breezed through it and around it: how to decorate pottery, how to orient political and social life, how to honor the dead, how to structure towns.
Floyd Damage on Oak Island
Floyd Damage on Oak Island
Format: image/photograph
Floyd Damage on Oak Island
Floyd Damage on Oak Island
Format: image/photograph
Hurricane Overwash Fan
Hurricane Overwash Fan
Format: image/photograph
Accreting Beach after Floyd
Accreting Beach after Floyd
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Dune Erosion on Oak Island
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Damage from Hurricane Floyd
Damage from Hurricane Floyd
Damage from Hurricane Floyd to Oak Island, North Carolina, 1999.
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Dune destruction without structural damage on Oak Island
Dune destruction without structural damage on Oak Island
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Oak Island dune erosion and structural damage
Oak Island dune erosion and structural damage
Dunes moved and houses damaged by Hurricane Floyd, September 1999
Format: image/photograph