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K–12 teaching and learning · from the UNC School of Education

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High school history and English: Natural partners
In Where English and history meet: A collaboration guide, page 1
Strategically plan a collaborative unit and overcome those everyday obstacles that prevent success. While this article focuses specifically on English-history collaboration, there is much to kindle the interest of any high school teachers.
By Karen Cobb Carroll, Ph.D., and NBCT.
Photographs: a process guide for students
Questions to consider when looking at photographs as primary sources.
By Dan McDowell.
Fundamental concepts: Introduction
In Intrigue of the Past, page 1.1
British archaeologist Stuart Piggott once called archaeology “the science of rubbish.” There is truth to his statement. Archaeologists spend lifetimes investigating the abandoned remains of ancient societies.
A forest hermit
In The Ramayana, page 2.4
The forest hermit's respected position as a wise sage is shown by his elevated position sitting on a stone platform at left. Rama, Laksman, and Sita kneel on the ground at right. The hermit holds a palm leaf fan on a long handle. The hermit's stone platform...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Rama's army marches on Lanka
In The Ramayana, page 4.6
In this mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple, Rama's officers ride on horses and wear the most colorful and elaborate clothes. One carries a triangular flag. Foot soldiers carrying swords and lances are dressed uniformly in red shirts with blue cloths wrapped...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman makes a bridge
In The Ramayana, page 4.7
In this image, as seen on a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple, a huge Hanuman lies crouched on his stomach on the bluff at right with his tail extended and wrapped around rocks on the bluff at left. Hanuman's open-mouthed face looks back over his right shoulder...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman tries to stop the sun
In The Ramayana, page 5.3
A two-faced and eight-armed Hanuman is flying out of the clouds to grab the outer rings of a gold, red, and green sun. The sun is shown here as a nested set of colored concentric circles. A mountain and forest scene is visible below.
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman searches for herbal medicines
In The Ramayana, page 5.4
A giant white Hanuman scales a mountain about double his height to find medicinal herbs for Laksman. Hanuman's arms are stretched upward and he wears golden clothes and ornaments. Hanuman's smaller monkey troops follow behind him, running on the ground and...
By Lorraine Aragon.
A demon giant blocks the way
In The Ramayana, page 5.5
A demon giant, seen lying beyond Rama's pavilions, blocks the river's water with his body. The fanged demon lies on his side on the ground while holding his huge sword in his right hand. Rama's group is visible in the foreground as they wait in a Siamese-style...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman battles the demon giant
In The Ramayana, page 5.6
Hanuman battles a giant demon in the current of a river, as seen in a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple. Wielding a trident dagger in his left hand, a huge white Hanuman steps on the shoulder of a giant green-skinned demon fallen in the river. The demon was...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Magical poisoned arrows
In The Ramayana, page 5.7
Hanuman in disguise as a bear watches Ravana's demons making magical poisoned arrows, as seen in a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple. Ravana's demon son Intarachit sits upon a royal daybed in the forest in front of a giant tree stump as he makes the arrows....
By Lorraine Aragon.
Arrows turn into serpents
In The Ramayana, page 5.8
A flying demon, visible in the upper left corner, shoots arrows that become serpents as they fall. The arrows become wavy as they rain down upon Rama's army. The demon moves actively in a cloud-filled sunset sky painted over a dramatic mountain and landscape...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Rama in the demon world
In The Ramayana, page 6.1
Hanuman rescues and carries the unconscious Rama. This Emerald Buddha Temple mural image shows two sequential events painted within the same rocky outdoor landscape. At left, Hanuman finds Rama lying unconscious within a black wire cage. Hanuman balances on...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman searches the underworld for Ravana's soul
In The Ramayana, page 6.5
A mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple depicts Hanuman in two places as he travels through the underworld landscape in pursuit of Ravana's hidden soul container. Huge pink flowering lotus plants and boulders dominate the scene. Hanuman is visible standing on...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Hanuman finds Ravana's soul container
In The Ramayana, page 6.6
Hanuman flies back to Rama carrying Ravana's soul container, as depicted on a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple. Moving horizontally through the air to the left, a grinning Hanuman dressed in Siamese royal clothes holds the small wooden cylinder with conical...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Into the countryside
In The Ramayana, page 7.2
Emerald Buddha Temple mural painting of a landscape with mountains, trees, fields, and river. Boulders and small mountains rest in the center of the scene, while a river, rectangular crop fields, and more mountains are visible in the background. Leafy trees...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Peace returns to the earth
In The Ramayana, page 7.15
Women pick fruit in a fertile garden, as painted on a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple. Four women move contentedly around a lush landscape with colorful flowers and ripe fruit growing around boulders. A woman on the right reaches over a boulder to pick...
By Lorraine Aragon.
The forest people
In Intrigue of the Past, page 3.3
Paleoindian culture died out across North America by 8000 BC. Archaeologists say this was bound to happen. The Ice Age had ended, the megafauna were extinct, and the boreal forests faded as deciduous ones spread across the East in the warmer climate. Faced with significant environmental changes, the Native Americans adapted. Archaeologists call their way of life and the time in which they lived Archaic.
Scenic elevated view of Marble Mountain Road near Danang
Scenic elevated view of Marble Mountain Road near Danang
This scenic elevated view shows a mountainside cut by the winding, high-altitude Marble Mountain Road near Danang. Danang is roughly midway along Vietnam's North-South coastal road, south of the seventeenth century (pre-French era) capital of Hué. Because...
Format: image/photograph
Rocky outcrops above farmland near Hoa Binh
Rocky outcrops above farmland near Hoa Binh
The farmland landscape near Hoa Binh is rugged, characterized by rocky mountain outcrops. The background of this landscape shows the rough mountainous terrain, while the foreground shows cultivated fields of rice and other vegetables. A small farmer's field...
Format: image/photograph