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What is a wetland, and why do we have so many types?: In Wetlands of the coastal plains, page 2; The legal definition of a wetland has become controversial as wetlands have gained a measure of protection from uncontrolled ditching and draining. This protection has been accorded them as their role in sustaining high water quality and wildlife habitat has...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Kings and gods: In East from India: Cambodia and Southern Vietnam, page 5; Khmer kings promoted the idea, known as devaraja, that there was an intersection of the ruling king and a validating god, usually the Hindu god Siva. Banteay Srei, shown here, is a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Siva that was built during the...; By Lorraine Aragon.

The face of a king: In East from India: Cambodia and Southern Vietnam, page 14; Four faces, looking toward the cardinal directions, are carved on the sides of fifty-four standing towers at Bayon Temple. The preservation of many of the towers, however, is poor so it is difficult to know exactly how all the towers were carved. Over 200...; By Lorraine Aragon.

“Sacred sword”: In East from India: Cambodia and Southern Vietnam, page 17; The building complex functioned as temple, monastery, and university. The original carved images in the complex were both Hindu and Buddhist although most of the Buddhas were effaced by subsequent Hindu rulers, probably including the Hindu Jayavarman VIII....; By Lorraine Aragon.

Quiet leadership: Tips for leading effectively behind the scenes.; By Chris Hitch.

Live-at-Home in North Carolina: In this lesson students will examine pictures and documents relating to the Live at Home program started in North Carolina by Governor O. Max Gardner to help North Carolina farmers refocus on food crops rather than cash crops during the Depression. These photographs, from the Green 'N' Growing collection at the North Carolina State University, will help students draw conclusions about the culture of North Carolina in the early 1930s and understand how they overcame the hardships of the Depression.; Format: article (grade 8 Social Studies); By Loretta Wilson.

The unique beauty of the Roan Highlands: In Roan Mountain Highlands, page 1; The natural beauty of the Roan Mountain Highlands has been recognized since they were first visited by Europeans in the eighteenth century. The first naturalist to report on this site was John Fraser (for whom the Fraser fir is named) in 1787. Other reports...; By Dirk Frankenberg and Jennifer Godwin-Wyer.

Fundamental concepts: Introduction: In Intrigue of the Past, page 1.1; British archaeologist Stuart Piggott once called archaeology “the science of rubbish.” There is truth to his statement. Archaeologists spend lifetimes investigating the abandoned remains of ancient societies.

Tree-ring dating: In Intrigue of the Past, page 2.5; In their study of dendrochronology, students use activity sheets and a discussion to apply principles of dendrochronology to determine a tree's age and to recognize climatic variation. They will also analyze and experience how archaeologists can sometimes use tree rings to date archaeological evidence and study past climates.; Format: lesson plan (grade 5 Science)

Shadows of North Carolina's past: In Intrigue of the Past, page 4.2; Students will infer past Native American lifeways based on observation, construct a timeline of four major culture periods in Native American history, and compare these lifeways and discuss how they are different and alike.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies)

Rock art: In Intrigue of the Past, page 5.3; Students will use art materials, drawings, and rock art examples to differentiate between symbol, petroglyph, pictograph, and rock art. They will also interpret rock art to illustrate its importance in the cultural heritage of a people and as a tool for learning about the past.; Format: lesson plan (grade 4 and 8 Visual Arts Education and Social Studies)

Artifact ethics: In Intrigue of the Past, page 5.5; In their study of archaeological issues students will use ethical dilemmas to examine their own values and beliefs about archaeological site protection. They will also evaluate possible actions they might take regarding site and artifact protection.; Format: lesson plan (grade K–5 Guidance and Social Studies)

Take action, save the past: In Intrigue of the Past, page 5.8; In their study of archaeological resource conservation, students will use a problem-solving model to identify a problem and solve it creatively.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 English Language Arts and Social Studies)

The pathfinders: In Intrigue of the Past, page 3.2; An essay covering the pathfinders of the Paleoindian Period. Learn about the trek across Beringia and the lifeways of these early American Indians.

The forest people: In Intrigue of the Past, page 3.3; Paleoindian culture died out across North America by 8000 BC. Archaeologists say this was bound to happen. The Ice Age had ended, the megafauna were extinct, and the boreal forests faded as deciduous ones spread across the East in the warmer climate. Faced with significant environmental changes, the Native Americans adapted. Archaeologists call their way of life and the time in which they lived Archaic.

Uniformed guard sits with two small children at Banteay Srei Temple: A security guard in a tan uniform and cap sits with two small shirtless children on at stoop at Banteay Srei Temple, located about twelve miles north of Angkor. The little girl stands by the guard's knee wearing a full-length, patterned red skirt. The boy...; Format: image/photograph

Man working for UNESCO paints carving on an Imperial City building at Hue: A man in a uniform working for UNESCO paints a carving above a red and gold column of an Imperial City building at Hué. Although many buildings in the Imperial City were damaged in 1968 by U.S. bombing during the Vietnam War, restoration is underway. The...; Format: image/photograph

Poster showing face on stone tower of Bayon Temple at Angkor Thom: This poster promoting Cambodia shows a huge and serely smiling face carved on a stone tower of the Bayon Temple at Angkor Thom, literally "Great City." Angkor Thom was a fortified city built from the early eleventh to the late twelfth centuries A.D. during...; Format: image/photograph

Ornately carved central tower entrance at Banteay Srei Temple with guardian statue: A guardian statue kneels in front of the entrance to an ornately carved central tower entrance at Banteay Srei Temple. Seen behind the statue is a closed "false door" created of stone for the passage of deities only. The original doors used by Khmer worshippers...; Format: image/photograph

Bas relief showing Hindu deities riding bull over doorway at Banteay Srei Temple: This sandstone bas relief characterized by detailed floral scrolls shows a male and a (now headless) female Hindu deity riding a bull. A protective monster face (known as a "kala") appears below the bull. The carving appears over a doorway on the south annex...; Format: image/photograph

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