LEARN NC

K–12 teaching and learning · from the UNC School of Education

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Alice P. Evitt oral history excerpt (labor unions)
Alice P. Evitt was born in 1898 and began working at the cotton mills near Charlotte, North Carolina in 1910 when she was 12 years old. She worked 12 hours a day, every day except Sunday, and earned 25 cents a day for her work. Here, Ms. Evitt describes her...
Format: audio/interview
Labor unions in the cotton mills
This lesson for grades 11–12 will help students recognize the value of primary sources in studying and understanding history. Students will learn about the labor union movement in the U.S. by listening to oral histories, and will deliver a persuasive speech arguing for or against unionization.
Format: lesson plan (grade 11–12 Social Studies)
By Dayna Durbin Gleaves.
Ila Hartsell Dodson oral history excerpt (labor unions)
Ila Hartsell Dodson was born in 1907 in South Carolina and began working in the Brandon Cotton Mill at age 14. Her mother, father, and all of her nine siblings worked for various cotton mills in North and South Carolina. She met her husband working in the...
Format: audio/interview
Eva B. Hopkins oral history excerpt
Eva B. Hopkins was born in 1918 in Charlotte, North Carolina and began working in Mercury Cotton Mill full time in 1932 at age 14 to support her father, who had tuberculosis. Like many mill workers, her family had left their small farm in the mountains of...
Format: audio/interview
Rutherford County Farm Museum
This museum offers something for everyone - from a large collection of farm equipment, to household items and many other artifacts.
Format: article/field trip opportunity
Levine Museum of the New South
This museum shows the diverse history of the South since the Civil War, with a focus on Charlotte and the surrounding Carolina Piedmont.
Format: article/field trip opportunity
Cooleemee's Textile Heritage Center
This historic center was built so that the people of the Carolina mill industry would not be forgotten. The center celebrates and strives to preserve their values and their way of life to share with future generations.
Format: article/field trip opportunity
Children at Work: Exposing child labor in the cotton mills of the Carolinas
In this lesson, students will learn about the use of child labor in the cotton mills of the Carolinas during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They will learn what life was like for a child worker and then write an investigative news report exposing the practice of child labor in the mills, using quotations from oral histories with former child mill workers and photographs of child laborers taken by social reform photographer Lewis Hine.
Format: lesson plan
By Dayna Durbin Gleaves.
Ila Hartsell Dodson oral history excerpt (child labor)
Ila Hartsell Dodson was born in 1907 in South Carolina and began working in the Brandon Cotton Mill at age 14. Her mother, father, and all of her nine siblings worked for various cotton mills in North and South Carolina. She met her husband working in the...
Format: audio/interview
James Pharis oral history excerpt
James Pharis began working in the cotton mills in Eden, North Carolina at age 8. He worked for 11 hours a day and earned 25 cents a day for several years. He met his wife, who also began working in the mill at age 8, at a square dance in the mill village sponsored...
Format: audio/interview
Alice P. Evitt oral history excerpt (child labor)
Alice P. Evitt was born in 1898 and began working at the cotton mills near Charlotte, North Carolina in 1910 when she was 12 years old. She worked 12 hours a day, every day except Sunday, and earned 25 cents a day for her work. In this except, Ms. Evitt talks...
Format: audio/interview
Cotton mills from differing perspectives: Critically analyzing primary documents
In this lesson, students will read two primary source documents: a 1909 pamphlet exposing the use of child labor in the cotton mills of North Carolina, and a weekly newsletter published by the mill companies. Students will also listen to oral history excerpts from mill workers to gain a third perspective. In a critical analysis, students will identify the audiences for both documents, speculate on the motivations of their authors, and examine the historical importance of each document.
Format: lesson plan
By Dayna Durbin Gleaves.
Nannie Pharis oral history excerpt
Nanny Pharis began working at age nine in the Spray Cotton Mill near Eden, NC. She and her older sisters worked for 25 cents per day. Here, she discusses the conditions in the mill, lunch breaks, and other details of work in the cotton mill.
Format: audio/interview
Alice P. Evitt oral history excerpt (cotton mills)
Alice P. Evitt was born in 1898 and began working at the cotton mills near Charlotte, North Carolina in 1910 when she was 12 years old. She worked 12 hours a day, every day except Sunday, and earned 25 cents a day for her work. Here, she talks about the management’s...
Format: audio/interview
Inside the first Hanes Knitting factory
Inside the first Hanes Knitting factory
Format: image/photograph
Mill village and factory: Voices
In North Carolina in the New South, page 3.5
Excerpts of oral history interviews with men and women who lived in mill villages and worked in textile mills in the early twentieth century.
Format: interview
Doffers in Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C.
Doffers in Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C.
Four young boys called doffers can be seen pushing bins full of bobbins of thread through a textile mill in this photograph taken in 1908. Doffers replaced the full bobbins with empty ones in the spinning area of the mill. The sepia photograph shows the spinning...
Format: image/photograph
Two young spinners in Catawba Cotton Mills.
Two young spinners in Catawba Cotton Mills.
In this sepia photograph taken in December of 1908, a young girl with her hair pulled back is seen standing at a spinning machine in a textile mill.There is cotton lint on the wooden floor boards under the machines. Two women can be seen working at the spinning...
Format: image/photograph
Doffers in Cherryville Manufacturing Company, N.C.
Doffers in Cherryville Manufacturing Company, N.C.
Three young boys called doffers stand in front of a spinning machine in the Cherryville Manufacturing Company. Doffers took bobbins full of thread off the machines and replaced them with empty bobbins. In this sepia photograph, the boy closest to the photographer...
Format: image/photograph
The North Carolina Gold Rush
In North Carolina in the New Nation, page 6.1
Gold was discovered in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in 1799, and within a few years, the North Carolina Gold Rush was on. Men arrived in the Piedmont to work in the mines, many of them from Cornwall in England.
Format: article
By Rebecca Lewis.