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John Lawson: John Lawson (1674? – 1711) was a British explorer, naturalist and writer. He played an important role in the history of colonial North Carolina. Little is known definitively about his early life but it seems probable that he had a good education and...; Format: biography

The Death of John Lawson: Baron Christoph Von Graffenried's drawing, The Death of John Lawson, depicts Von Graffenried, his servant, and John Lawson being held captive by Tuscarora Indians shortly before Lawson's death. In the center of the drawing, the...; Format: image/illustration

John Lawson animal illustration: John Lawson's drawings of animals native to the Carolinas, originally included in his 1709 book A New Voyage to Carolina; Containing the Exact Description and Natural History of That Country: Together with the Present State Thereof....; Format: image/illustration

Navigating the inlets and havens: In this lesson plan, students read and analyze a primary source document written in the early 1700s that describes the inlets of the North Carolina coast. The students adopt the perspective of a contemporary ship's captain and discuss the importance of the information in the document.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies); By Pauline S. Johnson.

Historic Bath: Read about the archaeological excavation at Bonner's Point, Bath co-founder John Lawson, Cary's Rebellion, the Tuscarora War, Blackbeard, and Bath legends. Look at historic images, maps, and video describing the history of Bath.; Format: article/field trip opportunity

About the Archaeology Primer: In Excavating Occaneechi Town: An archaeology primer, page 1; The Occaneechi Indians were once prominent in the Virginia and Carolina Piedmont. As their numbers were reduced by clashes with European colonists, they retreated to a village on the Eno River. Their numbers further dwindled due to disease and warfare, and by 1730 the Occaneechi were all but gone. In 1983, archaeologists discovered a village site near Hillsborough, North Carolina. Through a series of digs, they confirmed that they had found Occaneechi Town.; Format: article

John Lawson's assessment of the Tuscarora: In Colonial North Carolina, page 3.4; Excerpt from John Lawson's 1709 A New Voyage to Carolina discussing the sources of conflict between the Tuscarora and English settlers in North Carolina and Lawson's hopes for integrating the Tuscarora into colonial society. Includes historical commentary.; Format: book; Commentary and sidebar notes by David Walbert.

Provisions for Carolina: Comparing lists: In this lesson, students will compare and contrast two historical documents: A list of recommended provisions for colonists traveling to Virginia in 1622, and a similar list of recommended provisions for colonists traveling to Carolina in 1709. Students will infer what has changed and what has stayed the same between the publication of these two documents.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies); By Pauline S. Johnson.

Colonial North Carolina: Colonial North Carolina from the establishment of the Carolina in 1663 to the eve of the American Revolution in 1763. Compares the original vision for the colony with the way it actually developed. Covers the people who settled North Carolina; the growth of institutions, trade, and slavery; the impact of colonization on American Indians; and significant events such as Culpeper's Rebellion, the Tuscarora War, and the French and Indian Wars.; Format: book (multiple pages)

"The present state of North Carolina": Making decisions: In this lesson, students read an excerpt from John Lawson's 1709 book A New Voyage to Carolina and use a graphic organizer to decide whether they would have emigrated to Carolina as a result of reading Lawson's book.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies); By Pauline S. Johnson.

A letter from Major Christopher Gale, November 2, 1711: In Colonial North Carolina, page 3.6; Letter describing the bloody attacks that began the Tuscarora War between North Carolina Indians and settlers. Includes historical commentary.; Format: letter

Of the inlets and havens of this country: In Colonial North Carolina, page 2.7; Excerpt from John Lawson's 1709 A New Voyage to Carolina detailing the geography of North Carolina's coast. Includes historical commentary and notes about how the coastline has changed since the colonial period.; Format: book; Commentary and sidebar notes by David Walbert.

North Carolina's first public school opens: In North Carolina in the New Nation, page 11.5; Announcement of the opening of the first free public school in North Carolina, 1840. Includes historical commentary about the North Carolina Public School Act of 1839.; Format: newspaper

The Tuscarora War: In Colonial North Carolina, page 3.2; The encroachment of British colonists on Tuscarora land in North Carolina resulted in numerous conflicts. Control over the most desirable land caused disputes, British settlers engaged in unfair trade practices and violated treaties, and the Tuscarora raided British livestock. In 1711, these and other sources of conflict erupted into bloody warfare. With the assistance of soldiers and rival tribes from South Carolina, the Tuscarora were defeated in 1712. Following the war, the Tuscarora emigrated to New York and joined the Iroquois of the Long House.; Format: article

Excavating Occaneechi Town: An archaeology primer: Republished with permission from the Research Laboratories of Archaeology, the Archaeology Primer uses photographs of the excavations at Occaneechi Town to introduce fundamental concepts of archaeology. The primer provides an introduction to the methods of archaeology and to some common types of artifacts, and prepares students to participate in an electronic archaeological dig.; Format: slideshow (multiple pages)

The lost landscape of the Piedmont: In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 5.5; The Piedmont region of North Carolina is unrecognizable compared to the landscape of 400 years ago. Where man-made lakes now sit were huge bottomland forests. While pine trees accounted for only a small percentage of Piedmont acreage, they now dominate the region's forests -- a result of clearing hardwoods to create farmland. Other once-prominent landscapes include areas of grassland known as “Piedmont prairie,” and upland depression swamps where the clay soils often kept moisture on the land’s surface.; Format: article

The fate of North Carolina's native peoples: In Colonial North Carolina, page 3.8; After the Tuscarora War (1711–1713) and Yamasee War (1715–1716), only the Cherokee among North Carolina's native peoples remained intact. The Coastal Plain and Piedmont were effectively cleared for European settlement.; Format: article; By David Walbert.

Educator's guide: The arrival of Swiss immigrants: Teaching suggestions to help your students synthesize the information in the article "The Arrival of Swiss Immigrants."; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies); By Pauline S. Johnson.

The Carolina colony: Comparing three perspectives: In this lesson, students compare three different primary sources written by early colonists, and consider the reasons the colonists had for moving to Carolina.; Format: lesson plan (grade 8 Social Studies); By Pauline S. Johnson.

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