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- Dune erosion on Oak Island (1)
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 11
- Shoreface construction on southeastern barrier islands rarely fares well when hurricanes make landfall over them. Figure 8 shows how this generalization played out on Oak Island during Hurricane Floyd. The houses were behind a small primary dune before the...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development
- A Carolina Environmental Diversity Explorations “virtual field trip” that examines the sand sharing system of sedimentary coastlines and the impact of hurricanes on those coastlines and on human development.
- Format: slideshow (multiple pages)
- Mouth of the White Oak River
- In A blackwater river from sea to source: The White Oak River transect, page 3
- Figure 1 shows the mouth of the White Oak from Bear Island in Hammocks Beach State Park. The island on the far side of the inlet is Bogue Banks, and the buildings on the horizon at in the town of Emerald Isle. (These two islands are visited in the Large Sand...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Hurricane overwash fan and houses
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 15
- Figure 12 shows some of the sand that was washed off the beach on Oak Island by Floyd. As we saw in the photos of Masonboro and Topsail Islands shown in Figures 6 and 7, some of Oak Island's beach sand ended up in an overwash fan landward of the original dune...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Dune erosion on Oak Island (2)
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 12
- Figure 9 shows another set of oceanfront houses after Hurricane Floyd's landfall. This dune, too, has been flattened, leaving some houses standing on the beach and some not standing at all. Note, however, that the beach under the house in the foreground is...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- White Oak River estuary
- In A blackwater river from sea to source: The White Oak River transect, page 8
- Figure 6 is a view of the high salinity, open water area of the White Oak River estuary about 4 miles inland of the mouth. Salt marsh still occurs on the estuary floor, but it is clearly much less extensive than closer to the ocean and its sources of sediment....
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Figure Eight Island
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 17
- We now turn our attention to Figure Eight Island, a privately owned island about 25 miles north of Oak Island and Hurricane Floyd's landfall. Although Figure Eight Island was not the site of hurricane landfall in 1999, it was in the sector of Hurricane Floyd...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Bald Head Island
- We have arrived at last to the Atlantic Ocean. On the left side of the inlet is Bald Head Island and on the right is Fort Caswell on the eastern tip of Oak Island. In the foreground is Soutport. The inlet is about one mile across. Notice that the boat traffic...
- By Steve Keith.
- Beach accretion
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 16
- Figure 13 shows some more of the sand that was eroded off the Oak Island beach by Hurricane Floyd. It is a little hard to see, but if you look at the base of the stairs leading down from the deck of this house, you will see that sand covers at least the two...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Early-stage forest
- In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 8
- Figure 7 shows an earlier and more problematic stage of maritime forest development on Bear Island. Here we see a live oak on which all the seaward branches have been stunted by salt-laden wind off the ocean, leaving only those on the lee side of the trunk...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Undeveloped sand ridge
- In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 17
- Figure 15 shows an undeveloped sand ridge in the salt marsh behind Topsail Beach. As you can see, these ridges are not much above sea level, but the presence of live oak trees shows that the areas are not flooded frequently. However, there most assuredly are...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Floyd Damage on Oak Island
- Format: image/photograph
- A portrait of a grasshopper at Oak Island, NC
- A grasshopper poses for a portrait on Oak Island, North Carolina.
- Format: image/photograph
- Protected habitat
- In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 7
- Figure 6 shows you an example of the protection system discussed on the previous page. The live oak on the left side of this photograph is growing in the lee of the sand dune in the background. This dune actually curves around to the left of the tree as well....
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Floyd Damage on Oak Island
- Format: image/photograph
- Fort Macon State Park
- In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 13
- Figure 12 shows the dunefield at Fort Macon State Park on Bogue Banks. This is a typical setting for maritime shrub and forest development. Note the large and well vegetated dunes. These raised mounds of sand are called hummocky dunes — a...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
- Dune destruction without structural damage on Oak Island
- Format: image/photograph
- Satellite image and map of the North Carolina coast
- Format: image/map
- Oak Island dune erosion and structural damage
- Dunes moved and houses damaged by Hurricane Floyd, September 1999
- Format: image/photograph
- Living near the beachfront
- In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 22
- Figure 19 shows a well-constructed house sited on a low beachfront lot. As on Oak Island, this lot was overwashed by Hurricane Floyd's storm surge and surface waves. This house withstood this onslaught as well as any beachfront property could be expected to,...
- By Dirk Frankenberg.
