LEARN NC

K–12 teaching and learning · from the UNC School of Education

Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes
A Carolina Environmental Diversity Explorations “virtual field trip” that examines the causes and effects of changes in sea level, both short-term (as a result of storms) and long-term (as a result of climate change).
Format: slideshow (multiple pages)
Drawing sea turtles
This lesson plan takes students step by step through drawing a sea turtle, using the process to discuss the animal's anatomy.
Format: lesson plan (multiple pages)
The Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Center
This sea turtle sanctuary is committed to the care and release of sick and injured sea turtles.
Format: article/field trip opportunity
An eroded dune
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 4
Figure 3 shows an eroded dune in front of a beachfront condominium project. As in the case of the house in Figure 2, this beach and dune eroded rapidly during Hurricanes Bonnie and Fran, but rising sea level played a role by bringing the sea up to a level...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
What causes sea level change, and why is it rising now?
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 2
North Carolina's coastal zone preserves evidence of both the current rise in sea level and the long decline that preceded it (see the Coastal Wetlands field trip included in this series). Evidence of declining sea level is found in the series of old shorelines...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Vegetation and dunes
In Natural and human impacts on the northern Outer Banks, page 5
The northeast winds are generally stronger than those from the southwest, causing the Run Hill Dune to migrate overall to the southwest. Though sea oats, sea grapes, and American beach grass growing on the dune tend to slow its migration, there is simply not...
By Blair Tormey and Dirk Frankenberg.
A land of many wetlands
In Wetlands of the coastal plains, page 1
Eastern North Carolina is a land of many wetlands. More than forty different types have been identified by botanists with the state's Natural Heritage Program. Geographically, this wetland heritage was achieved in the most straightforward way: all of the land...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Waves and erosion
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 5
Figure 4 shows that rising sea level brings the eroding power of waves to the sound side of barrier islands as well as to the ocean side. Here we see the steep and collapsing face of an old beach ridge along the Roosevelt Nature Trail on the sound side of...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Baby sea turtle
Baby sea turtle
This baby sea turtle is ready for release from the Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Center on Topsail Island, North Carolina.
Format: image/photograph
Hurricane storm surges
In Hurricanes on sandy shorelines: Lessons for development, page 5
Figure 2 illustrates just how high hurricane storm surges can get along the gently sloping shorefaces of the southeastern United States. The photograph is of an exhibit at the North Carolina Aquarium at Fort Fisher. The exhibit stands 6.5 feet above mean sea...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Changes in sea level, great and small
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 1
The level of the sea is always changing. These changes may be small and short-lived, as when water rushes up the beach after waves break, but others are large and long-lived — as has been the case with the post-glacial rise of the present era. Small-scale...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Flooded marsh
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 10
Rising sea level also breaks up continuous expanses of salt marsh, like those shown in Figures 6 and 7, into smaller habitats like the one shown here. Isolated islands of salt marsh are often, but not always, a sign of rising sea level and marsh erosion. The...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Making salt
In Northern and coastal Vietnam: Waterway settlements and Chinese influences, page 7
This wide landscape view of salt-making fields along the coast south of Nha Trang shows sea water evaporating in some front and back fields, while salt is nearly ready for harvest in the middle fields. This type of salt production is a low-cost technology...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Maritime forest
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 13
Pine forests are not the only type of forest that salt marshes can invade during periods of rising sea level. Figure 12 shows a salt marsh in an area between beach ridges on Bogue Banks extending laterally into a maritime forest of live oaks and other hardwoods....
By Dirk Frankenberg.
A low-lying peninsula
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 6
We now take a virtual leap from a barrier island to the far end of Carteret County's Down East peninsula. This peninsula separates Bogue Sound from the Neuse River estuary, but does so with a flat and low-lying land. This characteristic of the land was noticed...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Green sea turtle
Green sea turtle
Format: image/photograph
Hanuman fights a sea dragon
In The Ramayana, page 4.11
Hanuman fights a sea dragon taking a stone from the bridge, as seen on a mural at the Emerald Buddha Temple. Hanuman stands with one foot in the dragon's mouth as he pulls his upper jaw open to release the stone that the dragon has taken from Rama's bridge...
By Lorraine Aragon.
Defending the shoreline
In Evidence of rising sea level: Coastal erosion and plant community changes, page 14
Owners of property on both the peninsula and the barrier island are not pleased when rising sea level kills their trees and increases the likelihood that their land and buildings will be flooded during storms. There is a continuing controversy about whether...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
Small and large sand volume islands
In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 1
This field trip follows another in this series, Small Sand Volume Islands. Readers should plan to take these trips sequentially, to compare the two types of islands. The thesis of both trips is that the volume of sand that comprises...
By Dirk Frankenberg.
How is coastal sand formed into barrier islands?
In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 2
Coastal sand is organized into barrier islands when three conditions are met: There is a supply of sand sufficient to form islands; sea level is rising; and there are winds and waves with sufficient energy to move the sand around....
By Dirk Frankenberg.