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- Smallpox virus
- This transmission electron micrograph (TEM) depicts a number of smallpox virus virions, magnified approximately 370,000 times. The dumbbell-shaped structure inside the smallpox virion is the viral core, which contains the viral DNA.
- Format: image/photograph
- Smallpox victim
- This photograph of a smallpox victim appeared in the Baltimore Health News in 1939.
- Format: image/photograph
- Smallpox
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 5.4
- Smallpox is a serious, contagious, and sometimes fatal infectious disease caused by the variola virus. Historically, smallpox had a mortality rate of as much as 30 percent. In the Americas, it killed as much as 90 percent of the indigenous population after contact with Europeans introduced the disease. Smallpox is now eradicated after a successful worldwide vaccination program.
- Format: article
- Diseases throughout human history
- Students will trace the historical impact of disease on humankind and research key events in the history of disease.
- Format: lesson plan (grade 9–12 Science)
- By Greg Mitchell.
- The Columbian Exchange at a glance
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 5.2
- Countless animals, plants, and microorganisms crossed the Atlantic Ocean with European explorers and colonists in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. This chart lists some of the organisms that had the greatest impact on human society worldwide.
- Format: article
- Disease and catastrophe
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 5.3
- Of all the kinds of life exchanged when the Old and New Worlds met, lowly germs had the greatest impact. Europeans and later Africans brought smallpox and a host of other diseases with them to America, where those diseases killed as much as 90 percent of the native population of two continents. Europeans came away lucky -- with only a few tropical diseases from Africa and, probably, syphilis from the New World. In America, disease destoyed civilizations.
- Format: article
- By David Walbert.
- The fate of North Carolina's native peoples
- In Colonial North Carolina, page 3.8
- After the Tuscarora War (1711–1713) and Yamasee War (1715–1716), only the Cherokee among North Carolina's native peoples remained intact. The Coastal Plain and Piedmont were effectively cleared for European settlement.
- Format: article
- By David Walbert.
- A perspective on inquiry
- In this interview, Norman Budnitz, cofounder of the Center for Inquiry Based Learning, talks about inquiry and how to teach with it in a K–12 classroom.
- Format: article/best practice
- By Waverly Harrell.
- The Birchbark House
- This study guide was created by a group of third grade enrichment students. They were planning to read this book but could find no published guide to go with it. They decided to create their own as they read.
- Format: lesson plan (grade 3 English Language Arts)
- By Carolyn Ridgway.
- Diseases: A brief guide to causes, symptoms, history, and treatment
- Since the beginning of human existence on the planet, diseases have played a significant role in the events of every era. This brief listing of some of the most notorious diseases explains their causes, symptoms, history, prevention, and treatment, and provides links to further information.
- Format: article
- By Emily Jack.
- "The difference is about our land": Cherokees and Catawbas
- In Revolutionary North Carolina, page 4.1
- During the American Revolution, American Indians living in North Carolina had to choose whether to support England or the colonists. While different groups of Indians made different decisions, most made their choices based on how they thought they could best protect their lands.
- Format: article
- By Jim L. Sumner.
- From Caledonia to Carolina: The Highland Scots
- In Colonial North Carolina, page 5.5
- Many Scots immigrated to North Carolina due to growing population, changing methods of farming, and the defeat of the Highland Scots by English and Scottish forces in 1746. The first organized settlement of Highland Scots was in Cumberland County, where 350 people moved to in 1739.
- Format: article
- By Kathryn Beach.
- Spain and America: From Reconquest to Conquest
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 3.1
- In 1491, no European knew that North and South America existed. By 1550, Spain -- a small kingdom that had not even existed a century earlier -- controlled the better part of two continents and had become the most powerful nation in Europe. In half a century of brave exploration and brutal conquest, both Europe and America were changed forever.
- Format: article
- By David Walbert.
- Colonial North Carolina
- Colonial North Carolina from the establishment of the Carolina in 1663 to the eve of the American Revolution in 1763. Compares the original vision for the colony with the way it actually developed. Covers the people who settled North Carolina; the growth of institutions, trade, and slavery; the impact of colonization on American Indians; and significant events such as Culpeper's Rebellion, the Tuscarora War, and the French and Indian Wars.
- Format: book (multiple pages)
- The Columbian Exchange
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 5.1
- When Christopher Columbus and his crew arrived in the New World, two biologically distinct worlds were brought into contact. The animal, plant, and bacterial life of these two worlds began to mix in a process called the Columbian Exchange. The results of this exchange recast the biology of both regions and altered the history of the world.
- Format: article
- By J.R. McNeill.
- Native peoples of the Chesapeake region
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 2.9
- The Chesapeake Bay has been home to Native Americans for over 10,000 years. Throughout their histories — even to the present day — these societies have adapted to difficult circumstances and unforeseen changes. Chesapeake natives have faced wars, epidemic diseases, loss of land, and treaty violations.
- Format: article
- Andrew Jackson calls for Indian removal
- In North Carolina in the New Nation, page 10.3
- Excerpt from President Andrew Jackson's first inaugural address, 1829, in which he argued that American Indians should be removed west of the Mississippi. Includes historical commentary.
- Format: speech
- Commentary and sidebar notes by Kathryn Walbert and L. Maren Wood.
- Fort Raleigh and the Lost Colony
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 4.3
- England's first two settlements in the New World differed in character and purpose: The first short-lived colony, inhabited entirely by men, was set up as a stake in the newly discovered Americas and a base of privateering against French and Spanish shipping. The second was intended as a permanent colony and was settled by men, women and children. Their disappearance is a mystery that remains unsolved nearly 400 years later.
- Format: article
- Juan Pardo, the Indians of Guatari, and first contact
- In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 3.4
- The Guatari Indians lived in an influential settlement near Trading Ford and were led by a female chief. In 1567, they encountered Spanish explorers led by Captain Juan Pardo who came through the North Carolina Piedmont with grand hopes of creating a powerful empire.
- Format: article
- Among the Tuscarora: The strange and mysterious death of John Lawson, gentleman, explorer, and writer
- They've taken his clothes, picked the straight razor out of his pocket: one brave fingers it, touches the blade — bright blood springs from his thumb and he laughs. The pitch pine split by the women is ready, a clay pot full...
- Format: article
- By Marjorie Hudson.
