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An account of the slave trade on the coast of Africa: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.6; Excerpt from a book by a former surgeon on a slave ship, describing the horrors of the Middle Passage from Africa to America. Historical commentary is included. Warning: This document may not be suitable for all ages. Please use discretion.; Format: book/primary source; Commentary and sidebar notes by Shane Freeman.

African and African American storytelling: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.7; The advent of slavery led to changes in the tradition of African storytelling. Tales in Africa had once featured the lion, elephant, and hyena; African tales in America began to star the rabbit, fox, and bear. To the African in slavery, the Brer Rabbit tales became a source of identity.; Format: article; By Madafo Lloyd Wilson.

Africans before captivity: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.1; Most Africans who came to North America were from West Africa and West Central Africa. This article describes some of the cultures and history of those regions prior to the beginning of the slave trade.; Format: article

Colonial North Carolina: Colonial North Carolina from the establishment of the Carolina in 1663 to the eve of the American Revolution in 1763. Compares the original vision for the colony with the way it actually developed. Covers the people who settled North Carolina; the growth of institutions, trade, and slavery; the impact of colonization on American Indians; and significant events such as Culpeper's Rebellion, the Tuscarora War, and the French and Indian Wars.; Format: book (multiple pages)

A forced migration: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.3; The first Africans, brought to America through forced migration, came as indentured servants to Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Africans brought to the colonies in later years were bought and sold as slaves. At the time of the American Revolution, most of the enslaved people in North Carolina lived in the eastern part of the colony and the majority lived on large plantations, where their work was critical to the state’s cash crops and economy.; Format: article; By Jennifer Farley.

The golden chain: In Prehistory, contact, and the Lost Colony, page 1.5; This creation story told by the Yoruba of West Africa describes how Olorun (the all-powerful being) lived with heavenly beings called orishas around a young baobab tree in the sky, until a curious orisha asked permission to create something solid in the watery world below.; Format: /primary source

Guinea corn: "Guinea corn" is a name for durra, a grain traditionally grown in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and southern Europe. It was typically ground into meal and made into bread. It is also known as Indian millet, African millet, or pearl millet. Guinea,...; Format: image/photograph

Immigration from Africa: In Recent North Carolina, page 6.7; North Carolina today is home to people from well over a hundred nations. This article summarizes the various communities of African immigrants living in Guilford County who are listed by the U.S. Census as being simply African American.; Format: article

The Italian Empire, 1939: Map shows Italian possessions in Europe and Africa on the eve of World War II: Sicily, Sardinia, Albania, the Dolodecanese Islands, Libya, and Italian East Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland).; Format: image/map

Leo Africanus describes Timbuktu: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.2; Sixteenth-century description of the West African trading city of Timbuktu by a Spanish-born Muslim. Includes historical commentary.; Format: book/primary source; Commentary and sidebar notes by Shane Freeman.

Maize in Mozambique: In Mozambique, a woman harvests maize. Maize (or corn) is native to the Americas, but was introduced in Africa in the late fifteen or early sixteenth century, following Spanish exploration of the "New World." The environment of southern Africa proved favorable...; Format: image/photograph

Major African regions contributing to the transatlantic slave trade in the 17th & 18th centuries: Format: image/map

Mother and child figure from West Africa: Seated mother and child, from the Bamana people of Mali. The figure conveys the importance of motherhood. In this figure, the hat with amulets and the knife strapped to her left arm suggest a strong protector.; Format: image/photograph

Olaudah Equiano remembers West Africa: In Colonial North Carolina, page 4.4; Excerpt from a book written by a freed slave in the late eighteenth century, with memories of his boyhood in Guinea. Describes the government, culture, religion, architecture, and agriculture of the region. Primary source includes historical commentary.; Format: book/primary source; Commentary and sidebar notes by Shane Freeman.

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