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Another overwash fan: In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 13; Figure 11 shows the last overwash fan on this trip, I promise. This one destroyed the dune over which this walkway was built and moved the sand landward to cover the walkway deck in the background. If you look closely you will see a change in color on the...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Back-barrier salt marsh: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 6; Figure 5 shows the back-barrier salt marsh with a dune crest visible on the right and an area of maritime forest in the left background. This will allow you to confirm your estimate of the height of the dunes and the role these high dunes have in protecting...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Back-Barrier Salt Marsh: Format: image/photograph

Beach and berm: In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 4; Figure 2 shows another view of the same rather dull topography of beach and berm. A little life can be seen in the middle background where pioneering sand dune plants have established a precarious roothold. In the left background you can see where sand has...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Beach erosion: In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 16; Figure 14 shows how beach erosion has undermined the deck and foundations of the houses in the foreground and apparently has threatened to do the same in the multifamily dwelling behind them. Note the remnants of an earlier dune on the right, and the roadway...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Beach Erosion: Format: image/photograph

Beachfront dune: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 12; Figure 11 shows a close up view of the largest beachfront dune in Figure 10 (the steep fronted one in the left background of that photograph). In this close-up view you can see that this dune is already starting to be restored by sand collecting at its base....; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Beachfront Dune: Format: image/photograph

Beachfront erosion: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 17; Figure 16 shows another example of beachfront erosion. This house has fallen victim to a repositioning of Bogue Inlet as a result of Hurricanes Bonnie and Fran in 1996. The inlet between Bear Island and Bogue Bank had once been located here, but during a 20-year...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Beachfront mansion: In Small sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 15; Figure 13 shows a recently built beachfront mansion on the even more recently flattened topography of North Topsail. Note the tilted beach access steps indicative of damage from Hurricanes Dennis and/or Floyd in 1999. Note also the corner iron for the lot...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Bear Island Dunes: Format: image/photograph

Bear Island dunes (1): In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 4; We will begin our trip by visiting Bear Island, the undeveloped island of the pair of large sand volume barrier islands. Figure 3 shows the high volume sand dunes on Bear Island. These dunes are about 50 feet high and cover an area about 5 miles long and one-half...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Bear Island dunes (2): In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 5; Figure 4 shows the crests of dunes on the landward side of Bear Island and the back-barrier salt marsh stretching toward the mainland. By estimating the distance from the dune crests to the salt marsh surface, we can see that the dunes are tall, and once again...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Bogue Inlet: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 10; Figure 9 shows the Bear Island beach near Bogue Inlet. This area appears as a white band in the right middle distance in Figure 8. Note the almost continuous maritime grassland in the foreground and bare sand stretching back into the salt marsh on the shore...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Dune Erosion on Bear Island(east End of bear island): Format: image/photograph

Dune grasses: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 18; There are things people can do to retain or increase sand volume on barrier islands. One of these is to plant dune grasses like those in Figure 17. Not only do such plantings stabilize the sand that already exists by reducing the ability of wind to move it...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Dune restoration: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 16; Figure 15 shows the seaward dune on Bogue Banks in the aftermath of Hurricane Fran and the winter storms of 1998. As we saw on Bear Island, there is no level of sand volume or vegetation coverage sufficient to render seaward dunes immune from storm erosion....; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Dunes nearer the ocean: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 9; Figure 8 shows the Bear Island dunefield nearer the ocean than those shown in previous photographs and also closer to the inlet that separates Bear Island from Bogue Banks. Bogue Banks, our next stop on this field trip, is a developed barrier island, as you...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

Early Stage Forest: Format: image/photograph

Early-stage forest: In Large sand volume barrier islands: Environmental processes and development risks, page 8; Figure 7 shows an earlier and more problematic stage of maritime forest development on Bear Island. Here we see a live oak on which all the seaward branches have been stunted by salt-laden wind off the ocean, leaving only those on the lee side of the trunk...; By Dirk Frankenberg.

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LEARN NC, a program of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Education, finds the most innovative and successful practices in K–12 education and makes them available to the teachers and students of North Carolina — and the world.