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Ancient pit contents: Ancient refuse at the bottom of a pit.; Format: image/photograph

Ancient pits: Photograph of students revealing ancient pits by troweling the top of subsoil.; Format: image/photograph

Ancient post holes: Photograph of students revealing ancient post holes by troweling the top of subsoil.; Format: image/photograph

Artifacts found by waterscreening: Small artifacts recovered by waterscreening.; Format: image/photograph

Backfilling the Occaneechi Town excavation: Student backfilling an archaeological excavation.; Format: image/photograph

Burial: Photograph of a burial, a common archaeological feature at Occaneechi Town. Burials are pits, usually oval or rectangular in shape and often quite deep, that were dug as individual graves. They contain the skeletal remains and accompanying funerary objects...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Animal bones: Animal bones were commonly found in archaeological features at the Fredricks site at Occaneechi Town. Most of these bones are from animals that were hunted or caught for food (such as deer, bear, raccoon, turkey, and fish).; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Brick fragments: These small brick fragments found in the plowed soil at Occaneechi Town are associated with European settlement in the area after about 1750.; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Charcoal: Charcoal was commonly found in archaeological features at the Fredricks site at Occaneechi Town. Most of this charcoal is from wood used as fuel; however, plants that were grown or collected for food also are amply represented by seeds, nutshells, and (occasionally)...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Chipped-stone projectile points: Photograph of chipped-stone projectile points found at Occaneechi Town. The Occaneechi and their predecessors used the bow-and-arrow as a weapon. Their arrows were tipped with small triangular points that were chipped from stone. Much earlier inhabitants of...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Clay pipe fragments: Photograph of clay pipe fragments found at Occaneechi Town. The Occaneechi smoked tobacco, and possibly other plants. This is reflected by the numerous clay pipe-stem and pipe-bowl fragments that were found. Some of these were made by Native Americans (probably...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Daub and fired clay: Photograph of daub and fired clay artifacts found at Occaneechi Town. Daub and fired clay are created when clay is hardened by fire. Daub represents mud plaster used to construct wattle-and-daub houses. It normally exhibits stick impressions from the wattle....; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Flakes: Photograph of flakes found at the Occaneechi Town archaeological dig. Flakes are by-products of making chipped-stone tools. They usually are small, made of rhyolite or some other type of rock with conchoidal (glass-like) fracture properties, and have recognizable...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Glass beads: Photograph of glass beads found at the Occaneechi Town archaeological dig. Glass beads were made in Europe and traded by Virginians to the Occaneechi, who used them in necklaces and bracelets and to decorate their clothing. The presence of glass beads is a...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Glass fragments: Glass fragments were frequently found at the Fredricks site. Those contemporary with Occaneechi Town are usually dark green in color and have heavily weathered surfaces.; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Gunflints: Photograph of gunflints found at Occaneechi Town. The trade with Virginia provided the Occaneechi with flintlock muskets and pistols. Use of such firearms is reflected by the occurrence of numerous gunflints made of European, honey-colored flint.; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Lead shot: Photograph of lead shot artifacts found at Occaneechi Town. The trade with Virginia provided the Occaneechi with flintlock muskets and pistols. Ammunition for such weapons consisted of small, spherical pieces of lead shot, many of which were found at the site.; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Potsherds: Photograph of potsherds found at Occaneechi Town. Potsherds are fragments of fired-clay cooking and storage pots that were made and used by the Occaneechi. Some potsherds predate Occaneechi Town, while others (usually glazed) date after the mid-1700s when...; Format: image/photograph

Common artifacts: Shell beads: Photograph of shell beads found at Occaneechi Town. The Occaneechi used small beads made of marine shell to decorate their clothing and as jewelry. These were partially replaced by European-made glass beads.; Format: image/photograph

Digging and screening plowed soil: Video of students digging and screening plowed soil at an archaeological dig at Occaneechi Town, near Hillsborough, North Carolina.; Format: video/video

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LEARN NC, a program of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Education, finds the most innovative and successful practices in K–12 education and makes them available to the teachers and students of North Carolina — and the world.